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目的分析合肥市麻疹发病与流行趋势,为控制和消除麻疹提供依据。方法对2005年合肥市麻疹监测系统确诊的841例麻疹病例进行流行病学分析。结果2005年合肥市麻疹发病率为18.46/10万(841/4 556 978),较2004年上升了720.44%,全年共发生学校暴发5起,其他以高度散发形式存在,呈流行态势。发病高峰集中在3、5两月;发病年龄呈双相移位现象。病例中有免疫史的占29.1%,无免疫史和免疫史不详的占25.6%和45.3%;流动人口发病占总病例数的40%左右。结论流动儿童免疫接种率低,易感人群积累及流动人口比例增多是造成发病上升的主要原因,提高麻疹疫苗接种质量并针对薄弱地区、重点人群进行麻疹疫苗(MV)的强化免疫,是控制麻疹暴发和流行的重要手段。
Objective To analyze the incidence and epidemic trend of measles in Hefei and provide the basis for controlling and eliminating measles. Methods Epidemiological analysis of 841 measles cases confirmed by Hefei measles monitoring system in 2005 was made. Results The incidence of measles in Hefei City in 2005 was 18.46 / 100000 (841/4 556 978), an increase of 720.44% over 2004. There were 5 school outbreaks in the year and others were highly exuded. The peak incidence concentrated in 3,5 months; onset age showed biphasic shift phenomenon. Cases of immunization history accounted for 29.1%, no history of immunization and immune history of unknown 25.6% and 45.3%; floating population incidence of the total number of cases about 40%. Conclusions The low immunization rate, the increase of susceptible population and the increase of the proportion of floating population are the main reasons for the rising incidence of migrant children. The measles vaccination quality is improved and the measles vaccine (MV) fortification is given to the vulnerable population in key areas. Outbreaks and epidemic of important means.