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目的对水痘暴发疫情进行流行病学调查分析,探讨预防及控制疫情暴发的措施。方法由方城县疾病预防控制中心流行病学专业人员进入暴发水痘疫情的学校,按照统一表格对所有病例进行个案调查。结果 420名在校生中,38例患病,罹患率9.05%,病例年龄最小4岁,最大13岁。5～9岁发病占84.21%,无水痘疫苗接种史36例。本次疫情持续24天,采取控制措施后9天疫情得到控制。结论应加强学校传染病报告管理,及时报告出现的传染病,以便及时对传染病病人做到早期隔离及治疗,控制疫情。疾病监测部门应加强对容易暴发传染病的半封闭人群的监测,从而杜绝此类疫苗可预防的公共卫生事件的发生。
Objective To investigate the epidemic situation of chickenpox outbreak and to explore the measures to prevent and control the outbreak of the disease. Methods Epidemiological professionals from Fangcheng County Center for Disease Control and Prevention came to the school of outbreak of chickenpox and all cases were investigated according to a unified form. Results Among the 420 students, 38 were sick and the attack rate was 9.05%. The case was the youngest 4 years and the youngest was 13 years old. The incidence of 5 ~ 9 years old accounted for 84.21%, 36 cases of non-chickenpox vaccination history. The epidemic lasted 24 days and the outbreak was under control nine days after the control measures were taken. Conclusion It is suggested to strengthen the management of infectious disease reports in schools and promptly report the occurrence of infectious diseases in order to prevent and treat the outbreaks of infectious diseases in time in early isolation and treatment. Disease surveillance should step up its monitoring of semi-closed individuals prone to outbreaks of communicable diseases so as to prevent the emergence of such vaccine-preventable public health events.