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目的:研究纤维支气管镜对小儿肺不张病因的诊断和治疗。方法:对我院收治的50例肺不张患儿,对其临床资料进行回顾性总结和分析。结果:右中叶肺不张发生率最高,其次为右上叶,而右中叶和右上叶肺不张病因均以炎症为主,与其他各叶相比发生率明显较高;右下叶肺不张以异物为主,发生率明显高于其他各叶;左下叶肺不张以异物为主;右肺的总发生率明显高于左肺;0-1岁、3-7岁、7岁以上的三组儿童发生炎症肺不张病例均明显高于1-3岁组(P<0.05),但发生异物肺不张的病例明显低于1-3岁组(P<0.05);其中48例进行纤维镜治疗,有43例效果明显,治疗总有效率达89.6%(43/48)。结论:小儿肺不张比较常见的病因是炎症、异物、支气管扩张,采用纤维支气管镜进行诊断和治疗,可提高治愈率。
Objective: To study the diagnosis and treatment of the causes of atelectasis in children with bronchoscopy. Methods: Fifty cases of atelectasis in our hospital were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Results: The incidence of atelectasis in the right middle lobe was the highest, followed by the right upper lobe, while the cause of atelectasis in the right middle lobe and the right lobe was mainly inflammation. The incidence of atelectasis was significantly higher than that in other lobes. The incidence of foreign bodies was significantly higher than that of other leaves. The left lower lobe atelectasis was mainly foreign body. The total incidence of right lung was significantly higher than that of the left lung. In 0-1, 3-7 and 7 years old The incidence of inflammatory atelectasis in three groups of children were significantly higher than those in 1-3 years old group (P <0.05), but the incidence of foreign body atelectasis was significantly lower than that of 1-3 years old group (P <0.05); 48 of them Fiber optic mirror treatment, 43 cases were effective, the total effective rate was 89.6% (43/48). Conclusion: The most common causes of atelectasis in children are inflammation, foreign bodies and bronchiectasis. The diagnosis and treatment with fiberoptic bronchoscopy can improve the cure rate.