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20世纪30年代,在经济危机和孤立主义的传统影响下美国对德日两国采取了同中有异、异中有同的经济政策。比较两者,从两国对美国的战略地位而言,日本是美国在亚洲的第一大贸易伙伴,欧洲是美国的主要市场,德国在美国的欧洲经济战略中有处于核心地位。从目的来讲,均有摆脱危机、对抗苏联、攫取霸权等相同的意图。需要指出的是其中美日两国军事实力的加剧以及美国的垄断财团在美国对德日经济政策中的重要作用。通过比较可进一步认清美国对德日采取的经济政策的本质。
In the 1930s, under the influence of the economic crisis and isolationism, the United States adopted the same and different economic policies toward Germany and Japan. In comparing the two countries, Japan is the United States’ largest trade partner in Asia in terms of its strategic position with the United States. Europe is the main market for the United States. Germany is at the core of the U.S. economic strategy in Europe. From the point of view of purpose, they all have the same intention of getting rid of the crisis, opposing the Soviet Union and seizing hegemony. What needs to be pointed out is the intensification of the military strength between the United States and Japan and the important role played by the U.S. monopoly consortium in the U.S. economic policy toward Germany and Japan. By comparison, we can further understand the essence of the U.S. economic policy toward Germany and Japan.