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目的 :探讨寒冷干燥环境下 ,肢体火器伤细菌种类与药敏试验。方法 :用 2 4只兔的后肢制作成寒冷干燥环境下火器伤模型 ,于伤后 1、3、6、12、2 4、4 8、72、96h进行生命体征观察、伤道分泌物细菌培养、分类及药物敏感试验 ,同时对动物皮毛、耙场空气等进行了细菌培养和分类。结果 :伤后动物呼吸、脉搏加快 ,体温下降 ,致伤后 2 4h呼吸、脉搏恢复正常 ,但体温仍低于致伤前 ;伤道分泌物细菌培养主要为G+ 菌 ,其次为G-菌 ,这些细菌对红霉素、丁胺卡那霉素、头孢类和喹诺酮类抗生素最敏感 ,对复方新诺明耐药 ,部分G-菌对青霉素、庆大霉素耐药。结论 :寒冷干燥环境下火器伤伤道细菌繁殖慢 ,伤道感染及细菌入血时间推后 ,认为这种特殊环境条件下的火器伤早期伤道清创时限可适当推迟 ,强调抗生素的使用应结合地域环境、气候条件等特点 ,早期联合使用抗生素。
Objective: To investigate the bacterial species and drug sensitivity test of firearm wounds in cold and dry environment. Methods: The model of firearm injury was made in 24 h rabbits with cold and dry environment. The vital signs were observed at 1, 3, 6, 12, 2, 4, 8, , Classification and drug sensitivity test, while the animal fur, rake field air bacteria culture and classification. Results: After the injury, the respiration and pulse of the animals were accelerated and the body temperature dropped. The respiration and pulse resumed at 24 hours after injury, but the body temperature was still lower than that before injury. The bacterial culture of wound secretions was mainly G + bacteria followed by G- These bacteria are most sensitive to erythromycin, amikacin, cephalosporins and quinolone antibiotics, and are resistant to cotrimoxazole. Some G-bacteria are resistant to penicillin and gentamicin. CONCLUSIONS: In the cold and dry environment, the bacterial propagation of wounds in firearm is slow, the duration of wound infection and bacterial infiltration is delayed. It is considered that the debridement period of early wounds in firearm wounds may be postponed appropriately in this special environment. Emphasis should be placed on the use of antibiotics Combined with the geographical environment, climatic conditions and other characteristics, the early joint use of antibiotics.