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一、引言在目前的实践中,低于20开的高精度测量是通过液氦蒸汽压的测量或通过电阻或顺磁温度计的使用而达到。后者提供的温度范围比用于0.3～4开范围的氦和氦蒸汽压泡的组合温度更宽。但是,电阻和顺磁温度计必须连续地参照蒸汽压温标(或类似可靠的基准温度计)进行重复标定以确保连续的准确度。相当大的精力浪费在重复的标定过程中,
I. INTRODUCTION In current practice, high-accuracy measurements of less than 20% are achieved by measuring the vapor pressure of liquid helium or by using resistive or paramagnetic thermometers. The latter provides a wider temperature range than the combination of helium and helium vapor bubbles used in the 0.3 to 4 on range. However, resistance and paramagnetic thermometers must be continuously calibrated repeatedly with reference to a vapor pressure temperature scale (or a similarly reliable reference thermometer) to ensure continuous accuracy. A considerable amount of energy wasted in the repetitive calibration process,