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目的探讨新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)呼吸机相关性肺炎发生情况及其感染危险因素,为临床预防控制提供依据。方法采用目标性监测方法对2011年1月-2013年12月NICU机械通气时间≥2d的患儿816例进行监测,分析其呼吸机相关性肺炎发生情况及其感染危险因素,采用SPSS17.0进行统计分析。结果共有198例患儿发生呼吸机相关性肺炎,发生率为24.3%;气管插管、胎龄<37周和机械通气时间>7d是SICU呼吸机相关性肺炎的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 NICU呼吸机相关性肺炎与多个因素有关,临床应重点观察独立危险因素,积极开展感染监测,并采取有效的预防控制措施,降低呼吸机相关性肺炎发生率。
Objective To investigate the occurrence and risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and provide the basis for clinical prevention and control. Methods A total of 816 children with NICU with mechanical ventilation≥2d were monitored by targeted monitoring method from January 2011 to December 2013. The incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia and risk factors of infection were analyzed. The data were analyzed by SPSS17.0 Statistical Analysis. Results A total of 198 children developed ventilator-associated pneumonia with a rate of 24.3%. Tracheal intubation, gestational age <37 weeks, and mechanical ventilation> 7 days were independent risk factors for SICU ventilator-associated pneumonia (P <0.05) . Conclusions NICU ventilator-associated pneumonia is related to many factors. Independent clinical risk factors should be observed, infection monitoring should be actively carried out, and effective prevention and control measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia.