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探索稻农保护性耕作技术采纳行为影响因素,对于促进保护性耕作技术推广应用,增加农民收入,促进农业可持续发展,保障我国粮食安全具有重要意义。基于湖北省传统散户和江苏省种稻大户的调查数据,运用二元Probit模型,分析两类稻农保护性耕作技术采纳行为的影响因素及其异同。结果表明,影响传统散户采纳保护性耕作技术的因素分别是性别、受教育程度、家庭人口数、家庭人均年收入、现有住房价值、是否参加农业技术培训,影响种稻大户采纳保护性耕作技术的因素分别是受教育程度、水稻种植面积、家庭人均年收入、是否提供机械补贴、是否参加农业技术培训、土地流转。其中,受教育程度、家庭人均年收入、是否参加农业技术培训是共同的影响因素,性别、家庭人口数、现有住房价值只影响前者保护性耕作技术采纳行为,水稻种植面积、是否提供机械补贴、土地流转只影响后者保护性耕作技术采纳行为。在此基础上提出了提高两类稻农的受教育程度;促进两类稻农积极参与农业技术培训;在推广保护性耕作技术时应将传统散户中的男性稻农作为先行推广目标,坚定不移地对种稻大户提供农业机械补贴;审慎推进农村土地流转等具体措施。
It is of great significance to explore the factors influencing the adoption of conservation tillage technology for rice farmers in promoting the application of conservation tillage technology, increasing farmers’ income, promoting sustainable agriculture and ensuring food security in China. Based on the survey data of traditional retail investors in Hubei Province and large rice farmers in Jiangsu Province, the binary Probit model was used to analyze the influencing factors and their similarities and differences of two types of rice farming adoptive conservation practices. The results showed that the factors influencing the adoption of conservation tillage technology by the traditional retail investors were gender, educational attainment, household population, annual per capita income of the family, the value of existing houses, whether to participate in agricultural technical training, The factors are education, rice acreage, per capita annual income of families, whether to provide mechanical subsidies, whether to participate in agricultural technology training, land circulation. Among them, the level of education, the annual per capita income of the family, whether to participate in agricultural technology training is a common factor, gender, family size, the existing housing value only affects the former practices of conservation tillage technology, rice acreage, whether to provide mechanical subsidies , Land transfer will only affect the adoption of conservation tillage technology by the latter. On this basis, it is proposed to improve the educational level of two types of rice farmers, to promote the two types of rice farmers to actively participate in agricultural technology training, and to promote the conservation of tillage technology, The relocation of large-scale rice farming machinery to provide subsidies; prudent to promote rural land transfer and other specific measures.