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资源匮乏和气候变化是社会保障体系面临的最具影响力的两大中长期风险。不仅使解决传统的生命周期风险变得更加复杂,越来越频繁的气候波动和资源短缺也会对经济活动带来负面影响,造成社会保障体系的资金压力。因此,社会保障体系作为缓解冲击的自动稳定器的功能需进一步强化。社保体系应对这些潜在挑战须持续投资和发展社会政策工具,如实施社会保护底线政策并建立起新的、对气候敏感的社会保障体系等方式。
Lack of resources and climate change are the two most influential medium- and long-term risks facing the social security system. Not only complicating the traditional life-cycle risk management, but also the frequent and frequent climate fluctuations and shortages of resources have a negative impact on economic activities, resulting in financial pressure on the social security system. Therefore, the function of the social security system as an automatic stabilizer for mitigating the impact needs to be further strengthened. Social security systems respond to these potential challenges by investing in and developing social policy tools such as implementing a social protection floor policy and establishing a new, climate-sensitive social security system.