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用活化分析法测定元素同位素丰度的工作最早见于五十年代,迄今为止有关文献已报告了21种同位素的丰度和丰度比的测定方法。早期工作仅限于用反应堆照射样品,测量活化产物的β和γ射线,主要用于分析陨石和地质样品中某些元素同位素丰度的差异,以及分析铀的同位素成份和测定岩石的绝对年龄。从七十年代起,一些研究单位使用质子束、氘束、光子束等手段照射样品,不仅测量活化产物的各种射线,还测量核反应过程中发射的瞬发粒子,主要分析氧、氮、碳、锂、钙等轻核元素。其中一些方法在实际应用中,尤其是在稳定性同位素示踪技术的应用中发挥了一定的作用。
The determination of elemental isotopic abundance by activation analysis was first seen in the 1950s. So far, relevant literature has reported the determination of the abundances and abundances of 21 isotopes. Early work was limited to irradiating samples with reactors and measuring the beta and gamma rays of the activated product, primarily for the analysis of isotopic abundances of some elements in meteorites and geological samples, as well as for the analysis of isotopic compositions of uranium and determination of the absolute ages of rocks. Since the 1970s, some research institutes have used proton beams, deuterons beams and photon beams to irradiate samples. They measure not only the various rays of the activated product but also instantaneous particles emitted during the nuclear reaction, mainly analyzing the oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon , Lithium, calcium and other light nuclear elements. Some of these methods play a role in practical application, especially in the application of stable isotope tracing technology.