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目的了解外来务工人员工作倦怠现状,探讨工作倦怠的影响因素,为制定干预措施提供依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法对东莞市某镇2 019名外来务工人员进行问卷调查,构建个体应对方式和工作相关情况与工作倦怠之间的多指标多原因模型,并对模型进行拟合、修正和评价。结果外来务工人员工作倦怠3个维度情感耗竭、人格解体、个人成就感降低的得分分别为(3.92±0.83)、(3.46±0.83)、(3.40±0.94)分;男女个人成就感降低、在婚与非婚情感耗竭、不同文化程度情感耗竭及人格解体、不同年龄情感耗竭4项得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。构建的模型有较好的拟合数据,拟合指数χ2/df=2.99,RMSEA为0.059,NNFI为0.91,IFI为0.92,CFI为0.93。工作强度、工作时间、工作环境满意度、工作单调、个体应对方式对情感耗竭的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05);收入、工作单调、个体应对方式对个人成就感降低的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论外来务工人员工作倦怠状况比较普遍,并随着个体特征与工作相关情况的不同存在差异。
Objective To understand the current situation of migrant workers’ burnout, to explore the influencing factors of job burnout, and to provide the basis for making intervention measures. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to survey 2 019 migrant workers in a town in Dongguan City. A multi-index and multi-cause model was established between individual coping styles, job-related conditions and job burnout. The model was fitted and corrected And evaluation. Results The scores of emotional exhaustion, personality breakdown and personal accomplishment in the three dimensions of migrant workers’ job burnout were (3.92 ± 0.83), (3.46 ± 0.83) and (3.40 ± 0.94) points, respectively; There were significant differences in scores of four items of emotional exhaustion, emotional depletion of non-marital status, emotional exhaustion of different educational level, personality breakdown and emotional exhaustion of different ages (P <0.05). The model has good fitting data, the fitting index χ2 / df = 2.99, RMSEA 0.059, NNFI 0.91, IFI 0.92, CFI 0.93. The influence of work intensity, working time, work environment satisfaction, monotonous work style and individual coping style on emotional exhaustion was statistically significant (P <0.05). The influence of income, work monotonous and individual coping style on the decrease of personal accomplishment was statistically significant Significance (P <0.05). Conclusions The job burnout status of migrant workers is relatively common, and there are differences with individual characteristics and job-related conditions.