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目的：通过观察经二步冷冻法保存的胎骨颅骨骨膜超微结构的变化，评价该方法在胎兔颅骨保存的作用。方法：将孕龄２６～２８ｄ健康孕兔无菌下剖腹取出胎兔，锐性切取胎兔颅骨骨膜，将所得标本分成３份。１份应用冷冻保存游离软骨细胞的方法保存２４ｈ；１份除不用ＤＭＳＯ外其它保存条件相同，用时取出快速复温；另１份留作新鲜对照。结果：应用ＤＭＳＯ冷冻保存的胎兔颅骨骨膜，超微结构与对照组相似；不应用ＤＭＳＯ组超微结构变化大。结论：应用冷冻游离软骨细胞方法保存胎兔颅骨骨膜是切实可行的，ＤＭＳＯ的应用有助于保存。
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of this method on the preservation of fetal skull by observing the ultrastructure of periosteum of fetal skull preserved by two-step freezing. Methods: Fetal rabbits were removed by sterile cesarean section under healthy conditions for 26 ~ 28 days gestational age. The periosteum of fetal skull was cut out sharply and the specimens were divided into 3 parts. 1 application of frozen free chondrocytes stored 24h; 1 except without the same conditions for the preservation of DMSO, remove the use of rapid rewarming; the other as a fresh control. Results: The ultrastructure of cryopreserved fetal skull periosteum was similar to that of the control group. The changes of ultrastructure in DMSO group were not significant. Conclusion: It is practicable to use frozen free chondrocytes to preserve the periosteum of fetal skull. The application of DMSO is helpful for the preservation.