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尽管育种学家们在杂交育种方案中通常总是使用套袋法授粉,但是,有关授粉袋的材料和规格对小麦(Triticum oeslivum L.)穗部温度的影响至今还没有人测定过。有些袋型材料会维持高温,像微型温室一样,在高温天气可使穗部达到致死温度.本研究的目的是评估袋型材料对小麦穗部温度的影响,并对用能量预算模式估测的温度和实测温度进行比较。在第一个田间试验中,套有渗析袋和套有白色打印纸袋的模拟去雄麦穗之间穗部温度无差异.在晴天的中午,不同授粉袋之间实测温度相差2—3.5℃。渗析袋内的穗部温度始终最高。授粉袋内的最高穗温比气温高出6℃。在第二个田间试验中测得套有5种不同授粉袋材料的穗部温度具有较大差异。玻璃纸袋内的穗部温度最高,用白色洋葱皮打印纸包裹的穗部温度最低。在晴天的中午,这些授粉袋间的最大温差为4—6℃,而袋内的最高穗温比气温高出8℃。当气温很高时,这样的穗部高温会对穗部组织造成生理损害.用能量预算模式估测的穗温与实测穗温相近。实测和预算结果均表明,白色、小直径套袋内的麦穗温度最低。
Although breeders often use bagging to pollinate hybrid breeding programs, the effects of materials and specifications on pollinating bags on the spike temperature of wheat (Triticum oeslivum L.) have not been determined. Some pouch materials maintain high temperatures and, like mini-greenhouses, lethally reach spike temperatures in hot weather.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of pouch material on the spike temperature of wheat and to estimate the energy budget mode The temperature and the measured temperature are compared. In the first field trial, there was no difference in spike temperature between simulated dials with a dialysis bag and a white printed paper bag, and at noon on a sunny day the measured temperature difference between the different pollinator bags varied by 2-3.5 ° C. The temperature in the dialysis bag is always the highest. The highest spike temperature in pollination bags is 6 ° C above the temperature. In the second field trial, there was a large difference in spike temperature measured with five different pollination bag materials. The highest temperature was found in the cellophane bag, and the spike temperature was lowest with white onion paper. At noon on a sunny day, the maximum temperature difference between these pollination bags was 4-6 ° C, while the highest spike temperature in the bag was 8 ° C above the temperature. When temperatures are high, such high spikes cause physiological damage to the panicle tissue, and the spike temperature estimated from the energy budge model is similar to the measured spike temperature. Measured and budget results show that wheat ears in white, small diameter bagging have the lowest temperatures.