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背景:目前还难以建立合适的早期股骨头坏死的动物模型。目的:建立一个简单、标准和可靠的股骨头坏死动物模型用于实验研究。方法:X射线透视下将新西兰兔右侧股骨头中心钻孔并注入无水乙醇,左侧不做处理做对照。经过2,4和6周麻醉下处死动物获取股骨头。结果与结论:大体及X射线观察显示,造模侧股骨头第2周关节软骨颜色变暗、骨质密度不均匀;第6周,关节面有轻微凹陷,骨质低密度影较前进一步增大。MRI显示,造模侧股骨头第2周,T1加权股骨头负重区显示线样或不规则低信号,T2加权呈高信号;第6周,股骨头变性,软骨下骨折,关节面塌陷,新月体形成。对照侧第2,4,6周股骨头结果均常。组织病理学观察显示,造模侧股骨头第2周后,骨细胞核固缩、变性坏死。结果证实,2周后兔股骨头均发生了部分坏死,股骨头坏死的完整的外观形态,大体循环和关节软骨与人类早期股骨头坏死是相似的,提示实验建立了良好的股骨头坏死动物模型。
Background: It is still difficult to establish a suitable animal model of early necrosis of the femoral head. Objective: To establish a simple, standard and reliable animal model of femoral head necrosis for experimental study. Methods: The right femoral head center of New Zealand rabbits was drilled and infused into anhydrous ethanol under X - ray fluoroscopy. The left side was not treated as a control. Animals were sacrificed after 2, 4 and 6 weeks of anesthesia for femoral head. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The general and X-ray observation showed that the color of articular cartilage became darker and the density of bone became darker in the second week of model-made femoral head. At the 6th week, the articular surface was slightly depressed and the bone density was further increased Big. MRI showed that the weight-bearing area of T1-weighted femoral head showed linear or irregular low signal in the second week after model-made femoral head, and T2-weighted signal showed high signal. In the 6th week, the femoral head degeneration, subchondral fracture, articular surface collapse and new Moon formation. The control side of the first 2,4,6 weeks femoral head results are common. Histopathological observations showed that after 2 weeks of modeling the femoral head, the nuclei of the bone were pyknotic and degenerated and necrotic. The results confirmed that 2 weeks after the rabbit had a partial necrosis of the femoral head, femoral head necrosis complete appearance, general circulation and articular cartilage and early osteonecrosis of the human body is similar, suggesting that the experiment established a good animal model of femoral head necrosis .