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人类对肉类需求量的增加促进了畜牧业的快速发展。全球畜牧业的可持续发展正面临健康（包括家畜和人类）、公平发展和环境问题等3个主要挑战。肉类需求量的增加和畜牧业的快速发展会给自然资源的利用、动物健康、人类健康以及生产结构带来负面影响。另外，畜牧生产工作环境也有待改善，这需要得到公共政策的保障。面对这些挑战，我们提出5条原则：1）优化资源利用；2）保护自然资源；3）保障畜牧生产者的生活水平；4）加强生态系统和社区组织建设；5）协调公共和私有机构的主动创新。本文提出了建立可持续发展畜牧业的挑战。“,”Meat supply chains have to face 3 major global stakes for their sustainable development: health (animal and human), equity and environment. Rising demands for meat and livestock sector development have serious consequences in terms of natural resources depletion, animal health, public health, structure of production and access to markets. At the same time, amenities of livestock production should be strengthened and better acknowledged in policies. We suggest 5 principles that will allow the sector to successfully improve its sustainability: efifciency in using natural resources, conservation of resources, protection of rural livelihoods, resilience of communities and ecosystems and governance of private and public initiatives.