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目的探讨左半球急性脑血管病患者汉语语法缺失的词类理解障碍特点及其可能存在的相关机制。方法采用《汉语失语检查法》及《汉语语法量表》中的词类测试任务和语言符号操作任务对存在汉语语法缺失的30例左半球急性脑血管病患者和30例正常对照者进行测试。结果2组受试者在词类及语言符号操作两项总分成绩间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中词类中的虚词、量词、复数“们”的测试成绩2组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而名词、形容词、动词及代词2组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在语言符号操作项目中,2组的实质词成绩差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而功能词的成绩组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论存在汉语语法缺失的左半球急性脑血管病患者在词类理解方面具有一定选择性的功能缺损,其相关机制可能与功能词类阶层破坏及功能词的异常加工有关。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of speech impairment in Chinese patients with acute left cerebrovascular disease and their possible mechanisms. Methods A total of 30 patients with left hemisphere acute cerebrovascular disease and 30 normal controls who had a lack of Chinese grammar were tested using part-of-speech test and linguistic signs in Chinese Aphasia Test and Chinese Grammar Test. Results There was significant difference between the two scores in the two categories (P <0.01). There was a significant difference between the test scores of the two groups (P <0.01), while there was no significant difference between nouns, adjectives, verbs and pronouns in the two groups (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups P> 0.05), but there was significant difference between functional groups in performance scores (P <0.01). Conclusions Patients with acute cerebrovascular disease in the left hemisphere who have a lack of Chinese grammar have some selective deficits in the part of speech comprehension. The related mechanisms may be related to the disruption of functional class and the abnormal processing of functional words.