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美国职业技术教育(CTE)在中等和中等后这两个层次上一直不断演化。在新的立法和教育改革的驱动下,职业教育政策和实践不断更新,也诠释出CTE的演化进程。政策和实践必须建立在坚实的原则上,而这些原则又来源于一整套特定的哲学价值体系。由于CTE已经发生了深刻变化,使得关于引发和证明这些变化的原则的讨论都显得空洞无意。本文回顾了关于教育哲学和原理演化历程的所有文献,这些哲学和原理一直以来都在指导着美国职业技术教育的政策制定和实践。而从历史上看,这些特定哲学价值体系和其衍生原则之间的相关性却从未被厘清。本文正是基于对以上文献、当前趋势和法规的分析,提出了一个新的哲学视野及一整套价值观念、衍生原则,以作为对美国职教事业发展的一份建言。
The American Vocational and Technical Education (CTE) has been evolving at both the medium and the post-secondary levels. Driven by the new legislative and educational reforms, vocational education policies and practices are continuously updated, and the evolution of CTE is also illustrated. Policies and practices must be based on solid principles, which in turn derive from a set of specific philosophical values. As the CTE has undergone profound changes, the discussion of the principles that lead to and justify these changes is empty. This article reviews all the literature on the evolution of educational philosophy and principles that have guided the policymaking and practice of technical and vocational education in the United States. Historically, the correlation between these specific philosophical values and their derivative principles has never been clarified. Based on the analysis of the above documents, current trends and laws and regulations, this paper presents a new philosophical vision and a set of values and derivative principles as a contribution to the development of vocational education in the United States.