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天麻Gastrodia elata BI.为常用中药材,是兰科植物中比较特殊化的植物,无根、无绿色叶片。在两年由种子到种子的整个生活周期中,除有性时期约70天在地表外,其余都潜居土中。1911年日本草野俊助曾叙述了天麻和蜜环菌的共生关系,但对种子的发芽尚未提及。(1)国内利用须根苗床法播种,平均发芽率1%;(2)1973年我们曾报导过有性繁殖初步获得成功;(3)近年来,陕西省天麻生产采用无性繁殖,已由小面积试验,推广到大面积人工栽培。1977年度国家收购商品天麻31600斤,1978年度增加到71000斤。仅汉中地区1978年栽天麻55万窝。栽培面积逐年扩大,每年需大量的种麻,由于野生资
Gastrodia elata BI. Is a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine, orchid plants more specialized plants, no roots, no green leaves. During the two years from seed to seed throughout its life cycle, the rest of the world lived in the earth except for about 70 days during the sexual period. Junjiro Kusano of Japan in 1911 described the symbiotic relationship between Gastrodia and Armillalla, but no mention was made of the germination of the seeds. (1) Domestic use of the seedbed seedbed method of sowing, the average germination rate of 1%; (2) 1973 we reported the initial success of sexual reproduction; (3) In recent years, Shaanxi Province Gastrodia production using asexual reproduction, Test, extended to a large area of artificial cultivation. In 1977, the country acquired 31600 jin of goods, increased to 71000 jin in 1978. Only the Hanzhong area in 1978 planted 55,000 nest Tianma. Cultivation area has been expanding year by year, a large number of kinds of hemp, due to wild resources