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在古代汉语里,词类活用是一种特殊用法,也是一种常见的语言现象。所以学习古代汉语,必须重视词类活用的问题。什么叫词类活用呢?郭锡良同志主编的《古代汉语》:“汉语词类划分,在上古就奠定了基础。实词可以分成名词、动词、形容词、数词等类。某个词属于某一词类,比较固定,各词类在句子中充当什么成分也有一定的分工。比如名词经常作主语、宾语、定语,动词经常用作谓语……。但是在古代汉语里,某些诃可以按照一定语言习惯灵活运用,在句子中临时改变它的基本功能。例如《荀子·劝学》:‘假舟辑者,非能水也,而绝江河’。句中的‘水’本是个名词,这里临时充当动词作谓语。……这就叫词类活用。”为了更全面更深刻理解词类活用的定义。要注意词类活用和词的本用的区别;词类活用和一词多义的区
In ancient Chinese, the use of part of speech is a special usage, but also a common linguistic phenomenon. Therefore, learning ancient Chinese, we must attach importance to the use of words. What is the use of part of speech? Comrade Guo Xiliang ancient Chinese: “Chinese word division, laid the foundation in ancient. Real words can be divided into nouns, verbs, adjectives, numbers and other words. For example, nouns are often used as subjects, objects, and attributives, and verbs are often used as predicates .... However, in ancient Chinese, some can be used flexibly according to certain language habits, In the sentence temporarily change its basic functions, such as ”Xunzi Encouraging Learning“: ”Fake boat editors, non-water, but never rivers.“ The sentence ’water’ is a noun, temporarily used as a verb as the predicate ... This is called part-of-speech. ”For a more complete and deeper understanding of the definition of part-of-speech use. Pay attention to the difference between the word class and the word class. The word class and the word polysemy region