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本文叙述了新出现的车削加工中心用刀具的发展及带有微处理机的对刀仪器的功能水平。机夹可转位车刀——刀片在机床上转位后再使用,节约了时间,为车刀的一大发展。NC机床的使用,出现了线外“预调”的自动线车刀,而CNC车削加工中心的发明,使其使用的车刀又可不需线外“预调”;同时其结构也发生了相应的变化,由整体刀杆变成由模块件组成的刀杆,以适应快速换刀的需要。在车削加工中心上,刀片转位已不是最经济的使用方法,刀片转位也应在线外进行,在机床上自动进行刀头部份的更换。NC机床的价格较贵,在多数工厂中,NC机床的操作者负责调正和操作两台机床,它们安排在一起成一工作中心。一个典型的调整过程包括:装置新的夹盘夹爪、在转塔上更换几把刀具、存储入一个工件的加工程序、装卡工件及进行试切。若试切出的工件尺寸与图纸不符,则需调整刀具。根据工件的复杂程度及操作者的技巧,整个过程约需15分钟到几个小时(甚至几个班),而此调整时间本是可用于生产的。一旦通过了质量控制进行生产,操作者为维持它还要换刀及调整刀具。
This article describes the development of emerging tools for turning centers and the functional level of tool-setting machines with microprocessors. Machine folder can be turning lathe - knife in the machine after indexing and then use, saving time, a major development for turning tools. NC machine tools, appeared outside the line “pre-tune” automatic line turning tool, and CNC turning machining center invention, the use of the tool can not be off-line “pre-tune”; the same time its structure also occurred in the corresponding Changes from the overall knife into the modular parts of the Arbor, to meet the needs of rapid tool change. In the turning center, blade indexing is not the most economical way to use, blade indexing should be carried out outside the line, the automatic replacement of the tool bit on the machine. NC machine tools are more expensive. In most plants, NC machine operators are responsible for aligning and operating the two machine tools, which are arranged together into a work center. A typical adjustment procedure involves the installation of a new chuck jaw, the replacement of several tools on the turret, the processing of a workpiece stored in a machining program, loading of workpieces and trial cutting. If the test cut out the size of the workpiece does not match the drawings, you need to adjust the tool. Depending on the complexity of the work piece and the skill of the operator, the entire process takes about 15 minutes to a few hours (or even a few shifts), which can be used for production. Once passed the quality control for production, the operator also needs to change the knife and adjust the tool to maintain it.