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目的对2005-2013年宜昌市肠道传染病的发病趋势进行分析,为进一步采取干预措施提供科学依据。方法对疾病的三间分布进行描述性分析;对地区分布、男女分布差异用χ2检验进行分析。结果 2005-2013年报告肠道传染病7种,年均发病率162.39/10万,年均死亡率0.02/10万;各县区间发病差异有统计学意义(χ2=1 713.094,P<0.001),平原地区发病大多高于山区;发病有明显的季节性,5-6月、11-12月为两个发病高峰,构成比分别为24.17%、22.87%;男女性别比为1.41∶1。发病年龄段间差异有统计学意义(χ2=206.37,P<0.001);发病居前3位的病种分别手足口病、其他感染性腹泻病、痢疾,构成比分别为42.58%、34.24%、15.65%。0~5岁婴幼儿发病最多,构成比为64.70%。结论宜昌市肠道传染病整体呈波动性上升趋势,因此,应进一步做好综合防治工作。
Objective To analyze the trend of intestinal infectious diseases in Yichang City from 2005 to 2013 and provide a scientific basis for further intervention. Methods The three distributions of the disease were descriptively analyzed. The distributions of the regions and differences in the distribution of men and women were analyzed by χ2 test. Results There were 7 kinds of intestinal infectious diseases reported in 2005-2013, with an average annual incidence of 162.39 / 100 000 and an annual average mortality of 0.02 / 100 000. There was significant difference in the incidence among different counties (χ2 = 1 713.094, P <0.001) The prevalence in the plain area was higher than that in the mountainous area. The incidence was obviously seasonal. The peak incidence was between May and June and from November to December, with the proportions of 24.17% and 22.87%, respectively. The male / female sex ratio was 1.41:1. (Χ2 = 206.37, P <0.001). The top three pathogens were hand-foot-mouth disease, the other infectious diarrhea and dysentery were 42.58% and 34.24%, respectively, 15.65%. 0 to 5 years old most infants and young children, the composition ratio of 64.70%. Conclusion The intestinal infectious diseases in Yichang City showed an overall upward trend of fluctuation. Therefore, comprehensive prevention and control work should be further carried out.