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对宋明儒者而言,捍卫儒家正统,掊击佛、老之非是其共同事业。本文大体从圣人之道,良知之教,致良知工夫三个方面辨析阳明心学传习中儒与佛、老的不同。圣人之道,大中至正而又纯粹精一,简易明白而又内外本末一以贯之,与佛、老的外人伦,遗物理,无为私己的空、虚出世之学不同。良知之教,是实理实学,一切只顺其天理自然。良知之周流遍润,发用流行,无将迎意必之心,有物来顺应之妙,与佛、老之私意安排,刻意为道,尤显自然纯正,究极圆满。致良知工夫,一本圣人一贯之道,不著相,无断续,动静合一,博约合一,敬义合一,本体与工夫合一,与释氏之躯壳起念、断灭禅定、明心见性、定慧顿悟的工夫不同。
For the Song and Ming Confucianists, it is their common cause to defend the Confucian orthodoxy, disrupt the Buddha and the old. This article analyzes the differences between Confucianism, Buddhism and Lao Yang in the study of Yang Ming’s heart learning from three aspects: the way of saint, the teaching of conscience and the conscience. Sage’s way, Dazhongzhi are pure and refined, easy to understand and consistent both inside and outside, and Buddhism, the old outsider, artifact, empty of selflessness, falsehood different learning. Teaching conscience, is the real theory of learning, everything is only natural. The flow of conscience throughout the Run Run, hair with popular, no will-be-will heart, something to adapt to the wonderful, and the Buddha, the old personal arrangements, deliberately Road, especially natural pure, very successful. To cause a good conscience, a saint consistent way, incapable of phase, no intermittent, static and dynamic unity, Boye unity, unity of honor and justice, unity of body and time, , Ming heart, Ding Hui insight different time.