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以鳃、肝胰腺、心脏、精巢、成熟卵、各期胚胎及溞状幼体等为材料,采用空气干燥法对日本(Charybdisjaponica)的染色体数目和核型进行了研究。结果表明,发育期的精巢最适宜进行日本染色体计数,用眼点期之后的胚胎和溞状幼体制片,适宜做核型分析。日本染色体的数目是2n=114,n=57。核型分析显示,日本有中部着丝粒染色体(m)共计17对(第1~17号),亚中部着丝粒染色体(sm)7对(第18~24号),亚端部着丝粒染色体(st)仅1对(第25号),端部着丝粒染色体(t)共计32对(第26~57号)。日本的核型公式为:2n=114=34m+14sm+2st+64t,染色体臂数NF=164,未能发现异形性染色体的存在。
The numbers of chromosomes and karyotypes of Crybdisjaponica in Japan were studied by air-drying method using gill, hepatopancreas, heart, testis, mature egg, embryos of various stages and galls as material. The results showed that the testes at the developmental stage were most suitable for chromosome counting in Japan. The embryos and the salamander after the eyelid period were suitable for karyotyping. The number of Japanese chromosomes is 2n = 114, n = 57. Karyotype analysis showed that there were 17 pairs of middle centromeric chromosomes (m) (Japan No.1 to No.17), 7 pairs of sub-middle centromeric chromosomes (Nos. 18-24) There were only one pair of centromeres (st) (No. 25) and 32 pairs of end centromeric chromosomes (No. 26-57). Japan karyotype formula: 2n = 114 = 34m + 14sm + 2st + 64t, chromosome arm number NF = 164, failed to find the presence of heterogeneous chromosomes.