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为了解急性白血病（ＡＬ）患儿血清肿瘤坏死因子α（ＴＮＦα）的变化及其临床意义，采用放射免疫法测定５８例ＡＬ，包括２７例急性淋巴细胞白血病（ＡＬＬ，发病期２０例，缓解期７例），３１例急性非淋巴细胞白血病（ＡＮＬＬ，发病期２８例，缓解期３）患儿化疗前后和２０例正常儿童的血清ＴＮＦα水平。结果：血清ＴＮＦα水平ＡＬＬ和ＡＮ－ＬＬ患儿发病期明显高于缓解期和正常对照，而缓解期与正常对照的水平相似。ＡＬＬ组与ＡＮＬＬ组、初发与复发病例、ＡＬＬ的标危型与重危型相比，血清ＴＮＦα水平均无显著差异。ＡＮＬＬ组中，血清ＴＮＦ水平Ｍ５最高、Ｍ３次之、Ｍ２最低，但均高于正常对照。ＡＬ患儿经化疗完全缓解后、升高的血清ＴＮＦα明显下降至正常对照水平。化疗缓解和死亡的患儿，其发病期血清ＴＮＦα无明显差异。
In order to understand the change of serum tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and its clinical significance in children with acute leukemia (AL), 58 cases of AL, including 27 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL, 20 cases of onset, remission stage 7 cases), 31 cases of acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL, 28 cases of onset, remission 3) before and after chemotherapy and 20 normal children’s serum TNFα levels. Results: Serum TNFα levels in ALL and AN-LL children were significantly higher than those in remission and normal controls, while those in remission were similar to those in normal controls. There were no significant differences in serum TNFα levels between ALL group and ANLL group, between initial and recurrent cases, ALL standard and severe cases. In ANLL group, serum TNF level M5 was the highest, M3 was the lowest, and M2 was the lowest, all higher than the normal control group. AL patients with complete remission after chemotherapy, elevated serum TNFα significantly decreased to normal control levels. Chemotherapy and death of children, the incidence of serum TNFα no significant difference.