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根据黄海1977年5月—1981年11月逐月大面温度调查资料,采用旋转经验正交函数(REOF)、调和分析和延迟相关分析等方法,分析了黄海五层温度场季节循环时空模态与机制。黄海温度场季节循环主要有2种时空模态:第一模态是对太阳辐射、经向风应力、黄海暖流和潮混合季节变化的响应;第二模态是对纬向风应力和深层环流季节变化的响应。两种模态空间分量在垂直方向分成双层结构。2种模态季节变化位相自表层传播至底层均需要2个月,同层第二模态季节变化位相滞后第一模态2~3个月。两种模态时间分量在深层形成季节循环时间准对称型和非对称型,其中非对称型模态冷期长于暖期一倍。黄海、青岛冷水团形成于黄海深层温度场两种模态冷期与初暖期季节叠加。深层准对称型第一模态是形成黄海、青岛冷水团的季节背景因素;非对称型第二模态和气旋辐合型环流过程是控制黄海、青岛冷水团季节生消和年际变化的主要因素。
According to the monthly temperature survey from May 1977 to November 1981 in the Yellow Sea, the seasonal variations of the temperature field in the five layers of the Yellow Sea were analyzed by means of rotating empirical orthogonal function (REOF), harmonic analysis and delay correlation analysis. And mechanism. There are mainly two kinds of spatiotemporal modes in the seasonal circulation of temperature field in the Yellow Sea: the first one is the response to the seasonal variation of solar radiation, meridional wind stress, the Yellow Sea warm current and the tide mixture; the second one is the response to zonal wind stress and deep circulation Seasonal changes in response. The two modal spatial components are divided into two layers in the vertical direction. Two kinds of modal seasonal changes in phase from the surface to the bottom of the spread are required 2 months, with the second layer of the same season the seasonal phase lags behind the first mode of 2 to 3 months. The two modal time components form the quasi-symmetrical and asymmetric seasonal circulation time in the deep layer, of which asymmetric modal cold period is twice as long as the warm period. Yellow Sea and Qingdao cold water mass formed in the Yellow Sea deep temperature field two kinds of modal cold period and early warm season season superposition. The deep quasi-symmetric first mode is the seasonal background of the formation of the Yellow Sea and Qingdao cold-water mass. The asymmetric second-mode and cyclonic-convective circulation are the main controlling factors of the seasonal and annual changes of the Yellow Sea and Qingdao cold water mass factor.