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在棉远缘种间杂交育种时,由于存在着杂交不亲和性,一般难以获得杂种,间或杂交成功,也仅是极个别植株,而且生长弱,同时杂种F_1又高度不育,因而很难保持。我们在获得棉花种间杂种后,应用扦插和嫁接等无性凡殖法,保持和扩大了杂种群体。 1,扦插法:在杂种植株上,取健壮枝条,先用植物生长素(NAA、IBA)进行高浓度、短时间浸泡处理,然后扦人床内,在保持高温湿润条件下,扦插一周后,扦枝基部产生愈伤组织,经一月左右,形成不定根,即可移植,成活为新植株。 2,嫁接法:取杂种幼嫩枝条为接穗。用陆X海杂种株作砧木,当砧木植株生长到8——9个真叶时,将顶端切掉,把接穗嫁接在砧木真叶的叶腋处,容易愈合,成活率高,而且生长势很强。通过无性凡殖法,为种间杂种后代的回交转育和对杂种染色体的加倍试验及鉴定,提供了大量的植株。
It is difficult to obtain hybrids, cross or crossbreeds, only a few plants, and weak growth due to cross incompatibility in cotton distant interspecific cross breeding. At the same time, it is very difficult for hybrid F1 to be highly sterile maintain. After we get cotton interspecific hybrids, we use clonal propagation such as cutting and grafting to maintain and expand the hybrid population. 1, cutting method: In hybrid plants, take strong branches, first with auxin (NAA, IBA) for high concentration, a short time immersion treatment, and then cutters bed, maintaining high temperature and humidity conditions, cutting a week later, At the base of the callus, callus is produced. After about January, adventitious roots are formed, which can be transplanted and become new plants. 2, grafting method: take hybrid young shoots as scions. With Lu X hybrid hybrids as rootstocks, when the rootstock plants grow to 8--9 true leaves, the top cut off, the scion grafted on the rootstock leaf axils axillary, easy to heal, high survival rate, and the growth potential is very Strong. Through asexual colonization, a large number of plants are provided for the backcrossing of interspecific hybrid offspring and doubling of hybrid chromosomes and identification.