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为了减小噪声、振动、机油烧损量和漏气,活塞和气缸之间的装配间隙常选成最小的。可是,这会使除起动和预热工况外,在所有其他发动机工况下,活塞的热膨胀量大于气缸和活塞与气缸间安装间隙的总热膨胀量。因此,使活塞裙部和被油膜分隔的气缸变形情况复杂化。 由发动机制造的实践可知,下列一些措施可保证装配间隙不大时活塞和气缸正常工作:借助于活塞导向部分和顶部较热部分之间的横向槽使两者隔热;在活塞裙部开纵向胀缩槽;采用调温镶片并使活塞裙部做成椭圆─桶形或椭圆─锥形。而且,经常几种措施同时采用。
To minimize noise, vibration, oil burnout, and blow-by, the mounting clearance between the piston and the cylinder is often chosen to be minimal. However, this will allow the piston to have a thermal expansion greater than the total thermal expansion of the cylinder and piston and cylinder-to-cylinder installation clearance, except for start and warm-up conditions, in all other engine operating conditions. Therefore, the deformation of the piston skirt and the cylinder separated by the oil film is complicated. From the practice of engine manufacturing, the following measures to ensure that the assembly gap is not large piston and cylinder work: by means of the piston guide portion and the top of the hot section between the transverse groove between the two to heat; in the piston skirt open longitudinal Expansion and contraction groove; Adopt thermostatting insert and make piston skirt oval - barrel or oval - conical. Moreover, several measures are often used at the same time.