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心肌有快、慢两种通道,分别通过快钠内向电流与慢内向电流,形成复杂的动作电位。这两种通道在电生理特性上有很大差异,具有不同的功能特征。快通道是引起除极和决定传导速度的一个因素;慢通道是心肌组织所特有的,它与心肌动作电位的长平台期、长不应期、自律性和收缩张力均有密切关系,并可接受植物神经的特异性作用,易受电解质与代谢因素的影响,因而具有重要的生理与临床意义。本文讨论了快、慢通道的开闭原理及其电活动特点,并着重介绍了慢通道的生理特性及其与心律失常的关系,这对于了解心脏的正常与异常机能活动有一定意义。
Myocardial fast and slow channels, respectively, through the fast sodium inward current and slow inward current, the formation of complex action potentials. The two channels have very different electrophysiological characteristics, with different functional characteristics. The fast pathway is a factor that causes depolarization and determines conduction velocity. The slow pathway is characteristic of myocardial tissue and is closely related to the long plateau, long refractory period, self-discipline, and systolic tension of the action potential of the myocardium. To accept the specific role of autonomic nervous susceptibility of electrolytes and metabolic factors, which has important physiological and clinical significance. This article discusses the principle of fast and slow channel opening and closing and its electrical activity characteristics, and focuses on the physiological characteristics of the slow channel and its relationship with arrhythmia, which is of certain significance to understand the normal and abnormal cardiac function activities.