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1959年8月2日,中共八届八中全会在庐山正式开幕。出席这次会议的有中央委员和候补中央委员147人,列席15人。人数几乎相当于前一段政治局扩大会议参加者的两倍。由于出席会议的人员增加,会场从西餐厅移到庐山人民剧院。会议开始,毛泽东作长篇讲话。他先讲了八届八中全会的议程,议程有两个:一、修改1959年生产指标。这个问题比较简单,由于1959年的生产指标无法完成已成定局,毛泽东说,武汉六中全会决定的今年指标,上海七中全会时有人主张改,多数人不同意。看来当时改也改不彻底。今年还有5个月,改了好。高指标是自己定的,自己造的菩萨自己拜,现在还得自己打破。全会对1959年生产指标进行了调整,钢产量由原来的1800万吨,降为1200万吨,粮食产量由原定1.05万亿斤,降为5500亿斤。二、路线问题。这是此次中央全会的主题。毛泽东说:上庐山后,有部分人要求民主,要求自由,说
On August 2, 1959, the Eighth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of CPC was officially opened in Lushan. There were 147 members of the Central Committee and alternate members of the Central Committee attending this meeting and 15 were present. Almost double the number of participants in the enlarged Politburo meeting. Due to the increased attendance of the conference, the venue was moved from the restaurant to the Lushan People’s Theater. The meeting started with Mao Zedong’s long speech. He first talked about the agenda of the Eighth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee and has two agenda items: First, to amend the 1959 production target. This issue is relatively simple. Since the production index in 1959 can not be completed, it is a foregone conclusion. Mao Zedong said: This year’s target set by the 6th Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee in Wuhan was advocated by the Seventh Plenary Session of the Shanghai Pike and most people did not agree. It seems that change is not completely changed at the time. There are still 5 months of this year, changed a lot. High targets are their own set, made their own Buddha worship, and now have their own break. The plenum adjusted production targets in 1959, reducing steel output from 18 million tons to 12 million tons and reducing grain output from 1.05 trillion kilograms to 550 billion kilograms. Second, the route problem. This is the theme of this Central Plenum. Mao Zedong said: After Lushan Mountain, some people demanded democracy and demanded freedom