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目的了解贵州省贵阳市云岩区2~6岁儿童孤独症的流行现状。方法采用整群抽样方法从贵阳市云岩区60家幼儿园中随机抽取12家幼儿园,以抽样单位中3 211名2~6岁在园幼儿作为研究对象,采用克氏孤独症行为量表进行筛查,对于量表总分≥7分者进行现场排查,经排查后可疑患儿由2名儿科神经专科副主任以上医师依据美国精神疾病诊断手册第四版中儿童孤独症的相关诊断标准进行临床诊断。结果共调查3 211名儿童,男童1 741人,女童1 470人,检出儿童孤独症患儿7例,检出率为21.80/万;患儿全为男童;年龄最小3.34岁,最大4.78岁,平均年龄(4.12±0.62)岁;各年龄组检出率差异均无统计学意义(χ2=0.06,P=0.814);汉族检出率为19.96/万,少数民族检出率为28.32/万,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.18,P=0.67)。结论贵阳市云岩区幼儿园2~6岁儿童孤独症检出率较高,男童的检出率明显高于女童。
Objective To understand the prevalence of autism in children aged 2 ~ 6 years in Yunyan District of Guiyang City, Guizhou Province. Methods A total of 12 kindergartens were randomly selected from 60 kindergartens in Yunyan District of Guiyang using cluster sampling method. A total of 3 211 children aged 2 to 6 years in the sampling units were enrolled in the study. Kirschner Autism Spectrum Scale Check for the total score ≥ 7 points were on-site investigation, after investigation suspicious children by two pediatric neurosensory associate chief physician based on the fourth edition of the United States mental illness diagnosis manual in children with autism related diagnostic criteria for clinical diagnosis. Results A total of 3,211 children, 1 741 boys and 1 470 girls were surveyed. Seven cases of children with autism were detected, the detection rate was 21.80 / million; children were all boys; the youngest was 3.34 years old, the largest 4.78 years old, the average age was (4.12 ± 0.62) years old; there was no significant difference in the detection rate among all age groups (χ2 = 0.06, P = 0.814); Han detection rate was 19.96 / / Wan, the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 0.18, P = 0.67). Conclusion The prevalence of autism in children aged 2 ~ 6 years in Yunyan District kindergarten is higher than that in girls.