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铁路,随着1840年第一次鸦片战争传入中国。中国铁路是在内忧外患的大背景下艰难起步的。清同治二年(1863年)7月20日,在被迫开埠的上海,宝顺、旗昌等27家洋行组建所谓“上海苏州铁路公司”,联名要求李鸿章准许修筑上海至苏州间铁路,被李拒绝。此为西方列强在中国修筑铁路第一议。至于落到实处的中国第一条铁路,向来有好几种说法。就近现代铁路承担陆上运输的公共职能而论,国内较一致的看法是上海吴淞铁路是中国第一条正式运营的铁路。也就是
Railway, with the first Opium War in 1840 into China. China Railway struggled hard under the background of internal and external threats. In the second year of the Qing Dynasty (1863), on July 20, the so-called “Shanghai Suzhou Railway Company” was established by 27 foreign firms in Shanghai, Baosun, Qi Chang, which were forced to go abroad. They jointly requested that Li Hongzhang permit the construction of a railway between Shanghai and Suzhou, Rejected by Lee. This is the first meeting of western powers in the railway construction in China. As for the first railway in China, there have been several claims. In terms of the public functions of modern railroads undertaking land transport, the consensus in China is that the Shanghai Wusong Railway is the first railroad to be formally operated in China. That is