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目的比较与分析夏枯草茎叶与果穗化学组分与药效的差异,为夏枯草茎叶能否替代果穗入药或共同入药提供有效的实验依据。方法采用液质联用分析法,对不同产地夏枯草茎叶与果穗水提物进行成分分析;通过角叉菜胶致大鼠足跖肿胀、二甲苯致小鼠耳郭肿胀实验模型,并采用酶联免疫吸附法测定大鼠足跖肿胀实验大鼠血浆中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)浓度;观察比较夏枯草茎叶与果穗水提物的抗炎效果,运用快速ABTS检测法比较夏枯草茎叶与果穗水提物的总抗氧化能力。结果本实验所用不同产地夏枯草茎叶与果穗在化学组分上无显著性差异,主要含有三萜、黄酮、酚酸等物质;夏枯草果穗组在1 h开始显著抑制大鼠足跖肿胀,而夏枯草茎叶组在2 h才对大鼠足跖肿胀产生显著性抑制效果,并且均能显著降低肿瘤坏死因子-α的含量;夏枯草茎叶与果穗水提物均能显著减轻小鼠耳郭肿胀;夏枯草茎叶与果穗水提物均表现出较强的抗氧化活性,最高接近Trolox标准溶液的1.5倍。结论本实验样品夏枯草茎叶与果穗在化学组分上基本相似,仅含量有差异;夏枯草茎叶与果穗水提物均有一定的抗炎作用,且茎叶抗氧化活性较果穗强,因此茎叶替代果穗或共同入药具有可能性。
Objective To compare and analyze the chemical composition and efficacy of Prunella vulgaris stem and leaves and ear, and to provide an effective experimental basis for whether Prunella vulgaris stem and leaf can replace medicine or co-administration of ear medicine. Methods The constituents of stem, leaf and ear water of Prunella vulgaris from different areas were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS / MS). The rat paw edema induced by carrageenan and the experimental model of mouse auricle swelling caused by xylene were studied. The concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in rat paw edema rats was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The anti-inflammatory effects of water extracts of Prunella vulgaris stems and leaves were observed and compared by rapid ABTS assay Total Antioxidant Capacity of Prunella Stem Leaves and Ear Water Extracts. Results There was no significant difference in the chemical components between the stems, leaves and ears of Prunella vulgaris in different producing areas, which mainly contained triterpenoids, flavonoids and phenolic acids. Prunella spikelets significantly inhibited the swelling of the paws in rats at 1 h, However, Prunella vulgaris stem and leaf group had a significant inhibitory effect on rat’s plantar swelling at 2 h, and both could significantly reduce the content of tumor necrosis factor-α; Prunella vulgaris stem and leaf water extract could significantly reduce the mice Ear swelling; Prunella stems and leaves and fruit water extract showed strong antioxidant activity, the highest close to 1.5 times the Trolox standard solution. CONCLUSIONS: The stems and leaves of the Prunella vulgaris and the ear are basically similar in chemical composition, with only differences in content. The stems and leaves of Prunella vulgaris and the fruit water extract have certain anti-inflammatory effects, and the antioxidant activity of the stems and leaves is stronger than that of the ear, Therefore, stems and leaves instead of ear or co-medication is possible.