论文部分内容阅读
深圳在创办经济特区之初,就确立了以发展外向型经济为主的经济发展目标,促使原来单一的公有制结构向多元混合所有制结构转变,传统的计划经济体制向社会主义市场经济体制转变。市场经济的形成客观上要求彻底改变传统计划经济管理模式,建立起新型的功能齐全、结构合理、运转协调、精干高效的行政管理体制。为此,深圳特区政府积极适应经济发展的新形势、新要求,积极推进行政管理体制改革,不断探索政府部门经济管理职能配置的新路子。 一、按照政企分开的原则,转变政府职能,理顺政府与企业之间的关系 为确立企业的市场主体地位,特区政府注意从硬件(机构)、软件(职权)两个方面理顺政企关系。 在硬件方面,对政府经济管理部门进行大胆改革调整。1981年第一次机构改革中,撤销了经委、农业办等委办局,将建筑、物资、粮食、外贸、商业、供销等专业经济管理部门转为经济实体,一些协调性工作由市府办公厅负责。这一改革,大大削减了政府专业经济管理部门,使计划经济条件下那种行政条条干预、直接管理的职能失去了生存的土壤,扩大了企业自主权。 在软件方面,削减政府有关部门管理企业的职能权限,落实企业自主权,建立现代企业制度。一是自1985年开始,编制部门逐步取消对企业的机构编制管理,1988年彻底取消对企业机
At the beginning of the founding of the special economic zone, Shenzhen set the goal of economic development focusing on the development of an outward-oriented economy, prompting the transition from a single public ownership structure to a pluralistic mixed ownership structure and a transformation from the traditional planned economy to a socialist market economy. The formation of a market economy objectively requires completely changing the traditional planned economic management mode and establishing a new type of administrative system with complete functions, reasonable structure, coordinated operation, and lean and efficient management. To this end, the Shenzhen Special Administrative Region Government has actively adapted to the new situation and new requirements of economic development, actively promoted the reform of the administrative system and continuously explored new ways of allocating the functions of economic management in government departments. First, in accordance with the principle of separating government from enterprise, change the functions of the government and streamline the relationship between the government and the enterprises In order to establish the dominant position of the enterprises in the market, the government of the Special Administrative Region should make every effort to rationalize the functions of government and enterprises in terms of hardware (organization) and software (authority) relationship. In terms of hardware, the government’s economic management departments should make bold reforms and adjustments. In the first institutional reform in 1981, the Economic Commission and the Agricultural Affairs Bureau were removed from their offices to turn the specialized economic management departments of construction, materials, food, foreign trade, commerce, supply and marketing into economic entities and some coordination work was conducted by the municipal government Office responsible. This reform drastically reduced the specialized economic management departments of the government to make the functions of direct management interfered under the conditions of a planned economy lose its soil for survival and expanded the autonomy of enterprises. In terms of software, we should cut down the functions and powers of the relevant government departments in managing enterprises, implement the autonomy of enterprises and establish a modern enterprise system. First, since 1985, the preparation department gradually eliminated the establishment of the management of the enterprise. In 1988, the total elimination of the enterprise machine