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一切金属,在高温时都极易和氧化合,成为氧化物。如将钢用火焰加热至白炽色(1250℃左右)即达到钢的着火温度,把一股高压氧气气流射入,便可将钢吹开,这是气割的一般原理。气割对金属的要求是:金属能在氧气流中很快燃烧,化合成流动性很好的氧化物;要求金属的燃烧点低于它的熔化温度;要求金属的燃烧热应很大而导热性小。低碳钢的燃烧温度约1350℃,熔化温度1500℃,极易烧割。但铸铁的熔化温度为1200℃,燃烧温度为1350℃。所以一般认为铸铁不能气割。工人同志在毛主席无产阶级革命路线指引下,破除旧框框,大胆地进行了气割铸铁的试验,并取得良好效果。
All metals, at high temperatures are easily combined with oxygen, as oxides. If the steel is heated by flame to incandescent (about 1250 ℃) that reaches the ignition temperature of the steel, a high-pressure oxygen jet into the air can be blown open, which is the general principle of gas cutting. Gas cutting metal requirements are: the metal can quickly burn in the oxygen flow, the synthesis of good liquidity oxide; requires the metal burning point is lower than its melting temperature; requires a large metal heat of combustion and thermal conductivity small. Low-carbon steel combustion temperature of about 1350 ℃, the melting temperature of 1500 ℃, easily burn cut. However, the melting temperature of cast iron is 1200 ° C and the burning temperature is 1350 ° C. So generally think that cast iron can not gas cutting. Under the guidance of Chairman Mao’s proletarian revolutionary line, the comrades of the workers broke away from the old framework and boldly carried out the experiment of gas-cutting cast iron and achieved good results.