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肠黏膜上有多重先天免疫防御系统,当发生细菌感染时,可以向免疫系统传递信号,抵御细菌的入侵,而且使被破坏或衰老的上皮细胞再生;然而肠黏膜致病菌具有的多重致病机制可以适应宿主的炎性反应和免疫反应,能使宿主细胞死亡并操控宿主细胞存留的信号通路。这些特性使致病菌能够适应肠黏膜环境,破坏细胞功能和免疫功能,从而使致病菌对宿主的感染更易发生。本文综述了宿主对细菌感染的抵抗机制和志贺菌属逃避宿主固有免疫系统的机制。
Multiple mucosal innate immune defenses are present in the intestinal mucosa. When a bacterial infection occurs, it can send a signal to the immune system that resists bacterial invasion and regenerates damaged or senescent epithelial cells. However, multiple pathologies of intestinal mucosal pathogens The mechanism can adapt to the inflammatory reaction and immune response of the host, and can make the host cell die and manipulate the signal pathways of the host cell. These characteristics make pathogenic bacteria can adapt to the intestinal mucosal environment, destroy cell functions and immune function, so that pathogens more susceptible to host infection. This review summarizes the host’s resistance mechanism to bacterial infection and the mechanism by which Shigella escaped the host’s innate immune system.