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[目的]了解沈阳市和平区猩红热发病特征,为制订消除猩红热策略提供依据。[方法]对沈阳市和平区1997~2006年猩红热病例进行描述流行病学分析。[结果]1997~2006年累计发病1 550例,累计发病率24.22/10万。1997~1998年猩红热发病率维持在较高的水平,2002年猩红热发病率呈现一次小高峰,2006年又呈现一次小高峰。不同年份间发病率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。全年均有发病,其中4、11月发病达高峰。全区22个街道均有发病,但主要为人口流动性较大的街道。发病年龄以15岁人群为主,1 474例,占95.01%。[结论]我区猩红热发病率一直处于较高水平。人群普遍易感是猩红热增高的一个重要因素。病例确诊困难、误诊和漏报同时存在。加强监测工作是预防暴发和流行的重要措施。在中小学及托幼机构积极开展健康教育,减少发病率。
[Objective] To understand the incidence of scarlet fever in Heping District of Shenyang City and provide the basis for formulating the strategy of eliminating scarlet fever. [Method] The epidemiological analysis of scarlet fever cases in Heping District of Shenyang from 1997 to 2006 was described. [Results] The cumulative incidence of 1 550 cases from 1997 to 2006, the cumulative incidence of 24.22 / 100000. The incidence of scarlet fever was maintained at a high level from 1997 to 1998. The incidence of scarlet fever showed a small peak in 2002 and a small peak in 2006. The incidence of different years was statistically significant (P <0.01). The incidence of all year round, of which the peak incidence in April and November. The district has the incidence of 22 streets, but mainly for the population mobility of the street. The age of onset of 15-year-old population, 1 474 cases, accounting for 95.01%. [Conclusion] The incidence of scarlet fever in our district has been at a high level. General population susceptibility is an important factor in increased scarlet fever. Difficulties in diagnosis of cases, misdiagnosis and omission reported at the same time. Strengthening monitoring is an important measure to prevent outbreaks and epidemics. Actively carry out health education in primary and secondary schools and kindergartens to reduce the incidence.