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目的了解新疆伽师县荒漠型黑热病流行区人群利什曼原虫感染现状,为荒漠型流行区利什曼病传染源研究提供依据。方法 2014年4月在伽师县荒漠型黑热病流行区卧托里格拉克乡采集既往黑热病患者及其家属静脉血,制作滤纸血片。以核糖体转录间隔区(ITS-1)为目的基因,采用巢式PCR检测滤纸血片中利什曼原虫特异性DNA片段,并对检测结果进行统计分析。结果共检测滤纸血片110份,PCR阳性率为88.18%(97/110)。其中既往患者血样PCR阳性率为88.89%(40/45),既往患者家属血样PCR阳性率为81.54%(53/65),差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.10,p>0.05)。结论伽师县荒漠型黑热病流行区居民利什曼原虫无症状感染率较高,须进一步研究无症状感染者在利什曼病传播中的作用。
Objective To understand the status of Leishmania infection in endemic areas of desert genus Jiri in Jiashi County, Xinjiang, and to provide basis for the study of the source of Leishmaniasis in desert endemic areas. Methods In April 2014, venous blood of patients with past kala-azar and their relatives were collected in Lijiligelake Township, a desert endemic kala-azar endemic area in Jiashi County, and filter paper pieces were made. Using ITS-1 gene as a target gene, nested PCR was used to detect Leishmania-specific DNA fragments in filter paper, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 110 filter paper pieces were detected. The positive rate of PCR was 88.18% (97/110). Among them, the PCR positive rate of blood samples of former patients was 88.89% (40/45). The positive rate of blood samples of former patients was 81.54% (53/65), with no significant difference (χ2 = 1.10, p> 0.05). Conclusion Asymptomatic infection rates of Leishmania spp. In Jiashi prefecture-endemic areas are high, and the role of asymptomatic infection in transmission of leishmaniasis needs to be further studied.