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目的了解并掌握塔里木河流域新疆出血热自然疫源地生态系统主要宿主和媒介的群落构成,及其与新疆出血热流行的相关性。方法根据塔里木河流域地理环境特征,在上、中、下游3个区段设立调查研究样方,采集家畜、啮齿动物和蜱类样本,采用生态学方法分析不同生态景观下宿主和媒介的群落结构组成和特征,检测蜱类样本的新疆出血热病毒携带率和家畜抗体携带率,统计分析流行病学的相关性。结果塔里木河流域新疆出血热自然疫源地啮齿动物和蜱类群落组成简单,啮齿动物7种,以子午沙鼠为主,占73.6%,蜱类3种,以亚洲璃眼蜱为主,占98.4%以上;不同地理生态景观上,干旱、半干旱的沙质盐碱地是亚洲璃眼蜱和啮齿动物分布的最优生态景观;空间分布上,亚洲璃眼蜱在优生景观中的数量由上游至下游逐步增加的变化趋势一致,游离蜱指数分别为37.0、44.7和64.7;塔里木河流域上、中、下游3个区段羊血清抗新疆出血热病毒抗体阳性率由13.2%增加至43.1%,自然界中亚洲璃眼蜱病毒分离率由零增加至6.9%,亚洲璃眼蜱指数和羊血清CCHFV(克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒)阳性率呈正相关(r=0.992)。结论塔里木河流域新疆出血热自然疫源地呈现丰富的多样性,其自然界新疆出血热流行强度与疫源地宿主媒介及植被构成的丰富度密切相关,可因自然界中亚洲璃眼蜱指数的不同分为不同的流行区。
Objective To understand and master the community structure of the main hosts and vectors in the natural foci of Hemorrhagic fever in Xinjiang Tarim River Basin and their correlation with the epidemic of hemorrhagic fever in Xinjiang. Methods Based on the geographical characteristics of the Tarim River Basin, three sampling plots were set up in the upper, middle and lower reaches to collect samples of domestic animals, rodents and ticks. Ecological methods were used to analyze the community structure of hosts and vectors under different ecological landscapes Composition and characteristics of detection of tick samples Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus carrier rate and livestock antibody carrier rate, statistical analysis of epidemiological correlation. Results The natural populations of rodents and ticks in natural foci of Xinjiang Hemorrhagic Fever in the Tarim River Basin were composed of 7 species of rodents, mainly Meriones unguiculatus, accounting for 73.6% and 3 species of ticks. 98.4% .In different geographical and ecological landscapes, the arid and semi-arid sandy saline-alkali soil is the optimal ecological landscape for the distribution of Oviductus ophiuroides and rodents. In terms of spatial distribution, the number of Ocimum Asian blue eyedrophy And the index of free ticks was 37.0, 44.7 and 64.7, respectively. The positive rate of goat anti-Xinjiang haemorrhagic fever virus in sheep in the upper, middle and lower reaches of Tarim River from 13.2% to 43.1% In Asia, the percentage of Psilocybe chrysogenum was increased from zero to 6.9%. The positive correlation coefficient between Asian Psilocytosis index and sheep serum CCHFV (Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus) was positively correlated (r = 0.992). Conclusions There are abundant natural foci of Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever in the Tarim River Basin. The epidemic intensity of the natural haemorrhagic fever in Xinjiang is closely related to the richness of host media and vegetation composition in the foci. Due to the different indices of the Asian ophthalmia, Divided into different popular areas.