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全球变暖的威胁和失业率的居高,是20世纪90年代英国政府首要解决的两大问题。由于“可持续发展”越来越受重视,学者们围绕就业与环境的关系问题进行认真的讨论和研究。过去,人们一直认为“环保”和“就业”水火不相容。但近来“修正主义者”的观点与传统的经济学方法产生重大分歧。越来越多与环境相关的经济学文献认为,环境与就业是正相关的,可以通过实行谨慎的政策使两者得到加强。本文解剖了“环境与就业”争论的背景,归纳了最新的文献并评析了低碳经济中就业增长的前景。
The threat of global warming and the high unemployment rate are the two major problems that the British government mainly tackled in the 1990s. As “sustainable development ” more and more attention, scholars around the relationship between employment and the environment for serious discussion and research. In the past, people always thought that “environmental protection” and “employment” incompatible. However, the recent “revisionist” viewpoints have a major disagreement with traditional economic methods. More and more economically relevant literature on the environment holds that the environment is directly related to employment, and both can be strengthened through prudent policies. This article dissects the background of the debate on “Environment and Employment”, summarizes the latest literature and comments on the prospects for employment growth in a low-carbon economy.