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分析了北美西部几个大型边坡破坏的工程地质、构造地质、强度性能和破坏机理的关系。各现场所识别的主要破坏机理基本上为深基倾倒破坏。评述了每个边坡破坏的特性、断定的形态和性态。采用极限平衡方法和数值模拟方法时两个破坏的反分析表明,倾倒破坏过程对采矿活动和地下水压力非常敏感。虽然深基倾倒破坏可能包容几百万吨的岩石,但在没有发生灾变性破坏的情况下,就已记载有约几十米的大变形。根据相异元素有限差分编码进行数值模拟的结果解释这些变形。从对这种破坏的日前研究和文献记载,可清楚了解到高岩石边坡的变形性态。
The relationship between engineering geology, tectonic geology, strength properties and failure mechanism of several large slopes in western North America is analyzed. The main failure mechanism identified at each site is basically the destruction of deep foundation dumping. The characteristics of each slope failure and the shape and behavior of the slope are reviewed. Back analysis of two failures using the method of limit equilibrium and numerical simulation shows that the process of dumping failure is very sensitive to mining activities and groundwater pressure. Although deep-foundation dumping may contain millions of tons of rock, large deformations of some tens of meters have been recorded without catastrophic damage. These deformations are explained according to the results of numerical simulations by finite element difference coding. From the recent research and literature records of such damage, the deformation behavior of high rock slopes can be clearly understood.