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目的探讨某企业噪声对作业工人心血管系统的影响。方法根据WS/T69-1996《作业场所噪声测量规范》,以85分贝为噪音卫生限值(暴露因素),将观察对象分为暴露组与非暴露组,其中暴露组229名作业人员,非暴露组中197名,采用环境监测、现场调查及职业性体检等方法进行作业人员健康调查。结果高血压病暴露组65例(28.38%),非暴露组32例(16.24%);中心电图异常暴露组73例(31.78%),非暴露组38例(19.28%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);暴露组与非暴露组在工龄<5年中,高血压病及心电图异常检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在工龄5~10年中比较,暴露组对象在高血压病检出率高于非暴露组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),但两组观察对象在心电图异常检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在工龄>10年中比较,暴露组对象在高血压病和心电图异常检出率均高于非暴露组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论噪声暴露将会增加作业工人心血管系统健康异常的发生风险,应对相关加强防护。
Objective To investigate the impact of noise on the cardiovascular system of workers in a company. Methods According to WS / T69-1996 “Workplace Noise Measurement Specification”, 85 dB was taken as noise health limit (exposure factor), and the subjects were divided into exposure group and non-exposure group, in which 229 workers in exposure group were exposed In the group of 197, using the methods of environmental monitoring, field investigation and occupational physical examination, the health survey of workers was carried out. Results There were 65 cases (28.38%) in hypertension group and 32 cases (16.24%) in non-exposure group, 73 cases (31.78%) in abnormal electrocardiogram exposure group and 38 cases (19.28%) in non-exposed group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the detection rate of abnormalities of hypertension and electrocardiogram between the exposed group and non-exposed group in <5 years of service (P> 0.05) The detection rate of hypertension in exposed group was higher than that in non - exposed group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the detection rate of ECG between two groups (P> 0.05). Compared with the non-exposed group, the detection rate of abnormalities of hypertension and electrocardiogram in exposed group was significantly higher than that of non-exposed group (P <0.05). Conclusion Noise exposure will increase the risk of cardiovascular health abnormalities in workers, and should be strengthened accordingly.