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为了比较两株不同来源的嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌菌株在不同培养基中的亚铁氧化活性和黄铜矿浸出能力,本研究采用了分离自广东梅山酸性矿坑水中的菌株M1和标准菌株ATCC23270,对其在9K培养基中的亚铁氧化活性和矿物培养基中氧化还原电位以及浸矿效率进行了测定,该矿物培养基中黄铜矿来自广东梅山。研究结果表明,菌株M1在9K培养基中需5天才能将亚铁完全氧化,而ATCC23270只需4天,但是菌株M1的铜离子浸出效率(38%)却高于ATCC23270(31%),浸出30天后,菌株M1浸矿体系的氧化还原电位从最初348mV上升到520mV,而ATCC23270上升较小,仅从最初350mV上升到491mV。氧化还原电位的变化说明从广东梅山分离得到的菌株M1在浸矿体系中亚铁氧化活性比ATCC23270更高。菌株M1比长期实验室培养的标准菌株ATCC23270更适合当地矿物的微生物浸出,因而在生物浸出工艺中,应考虑采用分离或富集当地原生菌株来进行浸矿。
In order to compare ferrous oxidation activity and chalcopyrite leaching ability of two different strains of Thiobacillus acidithiobacillus in different media, this study used strain M1 isolated from the acid mine water of Guangdong Meishan and standard strain ATCC23270 , Its ferrous oxidation activity in 9K medium and the redox potential in mineral medium and the leaching efficiency were measured. The chalcopyrite in this mineral medium came from Meishan, Guangdong. The results showed that strain M1 needed 5 days in 9K medium to completely oxidize ferrous while ATCC23270 only needed 4 days, but the copper ion leaching efficiency (38%) of strain M1 was higher than that of ATCC23270 (31%). After 30 days, the redox potential of the strain M1 leaching system increased from the first 348 mV to 520 mV, while the increase of ATCC23270 was small, only from the initial 350 mV to 491 mV. The change of redox potential indicated that strain M1 isolated from Meishan, Guangdong Province had a higher ferrous oxidative activity than that of ATCC23270 in the leaching system. The strain M1 is more suitable than the standard laboratory strain ATCC23270 grown in long-term laboratory culture for microbial leaching of native minerals. Therefore, in the bioleaching process, local native strains should be considered for isolation or enrichment for leaching.