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一、并发于癌症患者的感染症1.晚期癌症患者的感染症感染症是构成癌症恶病质和死亡的主要因素之一。据Inagaki等对816例各类癌症死亡患者(其中泌尿生殖系统癌症占1/4)所做尸检证明,47%死于感染。其中肺炎占51%,败血症占38%,两者之和达90%。肺炎多发于头颈部癌,败血症多发于泌尿生殖系癌和消化道癌。感染的诱因多属肿瘤压迫与血管阻塞,约占67%,而中性粒细胞减少并不多见。致病菌以大肠杆菌、克雷伯杆菌属、产气杆菌等革兰氏阴性菌占68%,而阳性菌仅占9%,二者混合感染占15%。这些资料基本上代表了一般实体癌的特征。然而非实体癌,如急性白血病,本身不造成压迫与阻塞,故其感染诱因当为粒细胞减少。但其主要致病菌仍是革兰氏阴性菌。
First, the concurrency in cancer patients with infectious disease 1. Advanced cancer patients with infectious disease is one of the main factors that make cancer cachexia and death. According to Inagaki and other 816 cases of deaths of various types of cancer patients (which accounted for 1/4 of the genitourinary tract) autopsy proved that 47% died of infection. Pneumonia accounted for 51%, sepsis 38%, the sum of the two reached 90%. Pneumonia often occurs in head and neck cancer, sepsis occur in genitourinary and gastrointestinal cancer. Most of the causes of infection are tumor compression and vascular obstruction, accounting for about 67%, and neutropenia is rare. Pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Aerobacter aureus and other Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 68%, while the positive bacteria accounted for only 9%, the two mixed infection accounted for 15%. These data basically represent the characteristics of general solid cancers. However, non-solid cancer, such as acute leukemia, itself does not cause oppression and obstruction, so the incentive for infection when the neutropenia. However, its main pathogen is still Gram-negative bacteria.