论文部分内容阅读
一、概述对慢性支气管炎及哮喘病人尸体解剖表明,大小支气管管壁结构都已发生了变化。早期慢性支气管炎狭窄主要发生在内径为2毫米或更小的气道中。早期肺疾病,首先在小气道发生病理改变。由于小气道阻力不到整个呼吸道总阻力的百分之三十,因此肺呼吸量及气道阻力的测量,主要受大气道的影响。所以,采用测量气道阻力的方法,一般不易发现小气道的病变。也即用常规肺功能的检查方法,对早期肺疾病不易检查出来。Mcfadden等人在1972年发现,对严重吸烟者检查他们每秒钟用力呼气量(FEV_1)、气道阻力(AWR)以及最大呼气流量率～
First, an overview of the autopsy of chronic bronchitis and asthma patients showed that the size of the bronchial wall structure have changed. Early chronic bronchitis stenosis mainly occurs in the airway with an inner diameter of 2 mm or less. Early lung disease, pathological changes in the small airways first. Because small airway resistance is less than 30% of the total resistance of the respiratory tract, measurements of lung respiration and airway resistance are mainly influenced by the airways. Therefore, the method of measuring airway resistance, generally not easy to find small airway lesions. That is to use conventional pulmonary function tests, early lung disease is not easy to check out. In 1972, Mcfadden et al. Found that in severe smokers they were examined for forced expiratory volume per second (FEV_1), airway resistance (AWR), and maximum expiratory flow rate ~