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先天性异常和初生缺陷多为遗传性疾病所致。现已知至少有205种疾病是X伴性遗传,其中极大多数为X伴性隐性遗传性疾病,血友病即其中之较严重者。目前,对性连遗传病采取了遗传咨询、产前胎儿性别测定、选择性流产为主要预防方法。因此,胎儿性别测定显得较为重要。以前,此种诊断基于羊水细胞或绒毛组织的核型分析,近来已有用Y特异性的DNA探针(PY 3.4)检测性别。但此类诊断技术最大缺点是取材后易导致流产等严重并发症。虽目前可用腹部超声诊断胎儿性别,但其准确性低,且达不到早
Congenital anomalies and primary defects mostly caused by genetic diseases. It is known at least 205 kinds of diseases are X-linked sex, the vast majority of X-linked sex recessive disease, hemophilia that is more serious among them. At present, genetic counseling on sexual even genetic disease, prenatal fetal sex determination, selective abortion as the main prevention method. Therefore, fetal sex determination is more important. Previously, such a diagnosis was based on the karyotyping of amniotic fluid cells or villous tissues, and sex has recently been tested using a Y-specific DNA probe (PY 3.4). However, the biggest drawback of such diagnostic techniques is easy to cause serious complications such as miscarriage after the material is drawn. Although abdominal ultrasound can be used to diagnose fetal sex, its accuracy is low and can not reach early