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当选矿废水Ca~(2+)含量高达600mg/L,而Fe~(3+)、Mn~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、B~(3+)含量在0.004～2.0mg/L时,就不能用离子交换树脂分离主要元素以富集微量元素,用这种水样(含盐量高)直接喷雾,立即产生喷雾堵塞,故长期以来是ICP-AES分析的难题。本文认为Ca~(2+)是主要元素,以草酸沉淀除去,然后将滤液浓缩若干倍,以富集微量元素。用草酸沉淀Ca~(2+)时,部分Sr~(2+)与Ca~(2+)共沉淀,但不能用除Ca~(2+)后的溶液测定Sr。如果Sr~(2+)含量较高(在1～20mg/L范围内),可用纯水冲稀原始水样来进行测定。上述浓缩或冲稀的水样,确保总的离子浓度为<1.5mg/ml,则喷雾畅通。
When the concentration of Ca 2+ in the ore dressing wastewater is as high as 600 mg / L, the content of Fe 3+, Mn 2+, Cu 2+ and B 3+ is 0.004-2.0 mg / L, ion exchange resins can not be used to separate main elements to enrich for trace elements. Direct spraying with this water sample (high salinity) immediately causes spray blockage and has long been a problem for ICP-AES analysis. In this paper, Ca2 + is considered as the main element, which is removed by oxalic acid precipitation. The filtrate is then concentrated several times to enrich for trace elements. When Ca 2+ was precipitated by oxalic acid, part of Sr 2+ and Ca 2+ were coprecipitated, but Sr could not be measured by the solution of Ca 2+. If Sr ~ (2+) content is high (in the range of 1 ~ 20mg / L), the original water sample can be diluted with pure water to measure. The concentrated or dilute water sample, to ensure that the total ion concentration of <1.5mg / ml, the spray unimpeded.