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84年高考物理试卷第六题(见附录),是一道重点考核学生灵活运用气态方程能力的试题。该题具有多层次、多变化、条件阴蔽等特点,使得解题思维过程中,出现了多重障碍,因而难度较大、失分较多。本文就解题过程(仅物理过程)的思维障碍作一心理分析,并提出气态方程教学中应注意的一些问题。为了研究解题过程中思维障碍情况,我们先考察一下试题的结构: 为了准确地了解考生解题情况,我们抽样检查统计如下: 共960份试卷,总分5133分,平均得分5.3分。
The sixth question of the 84th college entrance examination physics test paper (see Appendix) is a question that focuses on assessing students’ ability to use the gaseous equation flexibly. The problem has many features, such as multiple levels, multiple changes, and shady conditions, which make multiple obstacles in the process of problem-solving thinking. Therefore, it is more difficult and more points are lost. This article makes a psychological analysis of the thinking obstacles of the problem-solving process (physical processes only), and puts forward some problems that should be paid attention to in the teaching of gaseous equations. In order to study the problem of thinking obstacles in the process of solving problems, we first examine the structure of the questions: In order to accurately understand the candidates to solve the problem, we sample the statistics as follows: A total of 960 papers, a total score of 5133 points, an average score of 5.3 points.