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脑出血早期血肿扩大是一种重要的临床征象,严重影响患者预后。其发病机制可能是多个小血管的破裂出血;病理生理改变主要是血液中内皮损伤分子标记物及炎性因子显著增高,可能与出血时间、血肿部位、病因以及是否存在并发症等有关;脑出血早期血肿扩大与血肿的形态、部位、出血量、早期血压的控制等影响因素有关。脑出血早期血肿扩大防治提倡针对具体患者的不同情况,施以相应的治疗措施。本文对脑出血早期血肿扩大的发病机制、病理生理变化、影响因素、发生率、判定标准及防治作一综述。
Early hematoma expansion of cerebral hemorrhage is an important clinical signs, seriously affecting the prognosis of patients. The pathogenesis may be a number of small blood vessels rupture bleeding; pathophysiological changes mainly in blood endothelial markers and inflammatory cytokines significantly increased, may be related to bleeding time, hematoma site, etiology and the existence of complications; brain Early hematoma hematoma expansion and hematoma form, location, amount of bleeding, early blood pressure control and other influencing factors. Early expansion of hematoma prevention and treatment to promote specific conditions for different patients, to impose appropriate treatment. This article reviews the pathogenesis, pathophysiological changes, influential factors, incidence, criteria and prevention and treatment of early hematoma enlargement of cerebral hemorrhage.