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本文应用系统科学的状态观和认知心理学理论对L1习得和L2学习的起始过程和特点进行对比研究 ,认为两者存在重大差别 :第一 ,L1习得的初值是声音和意义的耦合 ;L2学习的初值是第一次L2语音和L1语音及其语义的匹配。第二 ,L1语音与事物建立的关联是直接映射 ;而L2语音 符号与事物之间的关联是通过L1建立的 ,因而是间接映射。第三 ,仅从字汇习得上看 ,儿童学习L1字汇时以意义势能为根本动力 ,而L2字汇学习过程缺乏意义势能 ,主要靠自觉意志维持
In this paper, we use the state of system science and cognitive psychology to study the starting process and characteristics of L1 learning and L2 learning. We think there are significant differences between L1 learning and L1 learning. First, the initial value of L1 acquisition is sound and meaning L2 learning initial value is the first L2 voice and L1 voice and its semantic match. Second, the connection between L1 speech and things is direct mapping; while L2 phonetic symbols are related to things through the establishment of L1 and therefore indirect mapping. Thirdly, from the perspective of vocabulary acquisition, children’s learning of L1 vocabulary takes the potential energy as the fundamental motivation. However, the learning process of L2 vocabulary lacks meaning potential and mainly relies on self-conscious will