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目的了解城乡接合部地区学生人居环境卫生学现况,为卫生宣教提供参考依据。方法问卷调查:随机整群抽取宁夏西吉县吉强镇团结村北屲坪城乡接合部村庄,对租住房间的家长、学生卫生学常识进行调查;对城乡接合部租住学生房间的面积大小、居住人口结构和数量、无害化厕所的覆盖率、年人均经济收入等情况进行实地考察;依据DB 31/8-1998对租住学生室内进行细菌学检测,对数据进行统计学分析。结果租住房间210间,居住人家210户,均为民房,无害化厕所的覆盖率为33.55%。共租住人数1983人,每间房屋面积平均45 m2,居住人均4.6人,住房面积人均9.8 m2。人均年收入约1000.00元。从整体水平看家长的卫生常识水平最低,只有38.96%。室内卫生状况:卫生常识宣传前细菌菌落总合格率为46.32%,大肠菌群数总合格率为42.11%;宣传后,细菌菌落总合格率提高到76.80%,大肠菌群数总合格率提高到88.95%,细菌菌落总数合格率提高了30.48%,大肠菌群数定性检测合格率提高了46.73%。结论城乡接合部地区学生人居条件拥挤,卫生条件较差,卫生常识水平偏低,是卫生宣教的重点对象。
Objective To understand the status quo of living environment hygiene of students in urban-rural junction area and provide reference for health education. Methods Questionnaire: A random cluster was selected from villages in the junction of Beijiaoping urban and rural areas in Tuanjie Village, Jijiang Town, Xijiang County, Ningxia Province to investigate common sense of hygiene of parents and students in rented rooms. The area of rented student rooms in urban- , Population structure and quantity, coverage of innocent toilets, annual per capita income and so on; and according to DB 31 / 8-1998, we conducted bacteriological tests on leased students and analyzed the data statistically. As a result, 210 rooms were rented and 210 households were occupied, all of which were private houses. The coverage rate of innocent toilets was 33.55%. A total of 1983 were rented, each housing an average area of 45 m2, 4.6 per capita living space, 9.8 m2 per capita housing area. Annual per capita income of about 1000.00 yuan. From the overall level of parents, the lowest level of health knowledge, only 38.96%. Indoor sanitation status: before the publicity of hygiene knowledge, the total bacterial colony pass rate was 46.32%, the total pass rate of coliform bacteria was 42.11%; after the publicity, the total bacterial colony pass rate was increased to 76.80%, the total pass rate of coliform bacteria increased to 88.95%. The passing rate of bacterial colonies increased by 30.48%. The qualified rate of coliform bacteria qualitative detection increased by 46.73%. Conclusions The living conditions of students in urban-rural junction area are congested, with poor sanitation conditions and low level of hygiene knowledge, which are the key targets of health education.